A year has passed since Jackson, Mississippi's water crisis, and the situation has significantly improved compared to the uncertainty and inconvenience residents faced back then. Last year, the city's 150,000 residents often had no assurance of having safe tap water for drinking, bathing, or flushing toilets. There were occasional warnings of water contamination, necessitating boiling, and long queues for access to fresh water, especially impacting the majority-Black population.
The transformation of the water system has been overseen by Ted Henifin, an experienced utility manager appointed as the interim head of the city's long-troubled water system last year. Henifin has encountered challenges, including concerns about water quality, legal obstacles related to ensuring equitable water pricing for low-income residents, and the expansion of his responsibilities to address sewer system issues.
Henifin recently spoke with The Associated Press, providing insight into the latest developments in this multifaceted story, which touches on racial disparities, crumbling infrastructure, and political divides.
Infrastructure breakdowns in August and September of last year left many Jackson residents without safe running water for days and weeks. Henifin was brought in from Virginia by a federal judge in December to address the crisis. Since then, he has been working on establishing a more reliable water network and resolving issues such as broken pipes and valves that previously wasted significant amounts of water.
One of Henifin's primary objectives has been to increase revenue collection from the water system without raising rates, particularly in a city where about a quarter of the population lives in poverty. Initially, he proposed pricing water based on property values, but the Mississippi Legislature later mandated that water billing be based on personal consumption. Henifin is working on a new proposal to address this change in the law, aiming to strike a balance between the concerns of the Democratic-led city and the Republican-controlled Legislature. He anticipates sharing details of the proposal by the year's end and believes it could serve as a model for helping lower socio-economic demographics afford water.
Henifin reported an improvement in the city's water bill collection rate, rising from 56% in the second quarter to over 62% in the third quarter. He views this as a positive indicator of public support for the changes.
Originally, Henifin had planned to complete his work in Jackson within a year, but he has now extended his commitment to managing the water and sewer systems for up to four years. This extended timeframe will allow for the utilization of the substantial federal funding, approximately $600 million, allocated to improve the city's water system, most of which remains unspent. Additionally, Henifin cited a growing sense of connection to the community as a reason for his prolonged stay.
Despite improvements, some activist groups have sought more influence over water system reforms and requested to join a federal lawsuit against the city. Henifin expressed frustration with such groups, believing they do not represent the majority of the city's residents, who, according to him, overwhelmingly support his efforts, regardless of their racial background.
Henifin's next priority is addressing issues in the city's sewer system, as legal authority over it has been extended to him. While the drinking water order was issued under the Safe Drinking Water Act, the sewer order came into effect under the Clean Water Act. Henifin intends to manage both systems over a four-year period, with the expectation that the city will return to a consent decree for sewer management after this period. This differs from the water order, which has no set end date and will continue until a judge deems the system stable.